Panduwawasnuwara Raja Maha Viharaya
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考古学
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佛寺
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历史与文化
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宗教场所
描述
Panduwasnuwara Raja Maha Viharaya, located in the Kurunegala District of Sri Lanka, is an ancient Buddhist temple steeped in history and cultural heritage. The site is traditionally associated with King Panduwasadeva, the second recorded monarch of Sri Lanka, who ruled in the 5th century BCE. Considered one of the earliest capitals of the island, Panduwasnuwara contains extensive ruins that reflect the grandeur of early Sinhala civilization. Among its significant remains are the foundations of royal palaces, monasteries, stupas, and guard stones, which provide insight into the architectural brilliance of the time. The temple and its surroundings also hold strong religious importance, serving as a center for Buddhist worship and monastic life for centuries. Pilgrims and visitors alike are drawn to the tranquil atmosphere, the sacred Bodhi tree, and the ancient artifacts preserved on the grounds. Panduwasnuwara Raja Maha Viharaya thus stands as a testament to Sri Lanka’s early Buddhist history, royal lineage, and enduring cultural identity.
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History of Panduwawasnuwara Raja Maha Viharaya
The history of Panduwawasnuwara Raja Maha Viharaya dates back to at least 212 BC, making it one of the oldest temples in the Colombo District. The temple's origins are deeply intertwined with the early spread of Buddhism in Sri Lanka, reflecting the religious and cultural developments of the era. Its establishment and growth underscore the pivotal role of Buddhism in shaping the region's history and identity.
King Walagamba's Era
Panduwawasnuwara Raja Maha Viharaya is closely linked to King Walagamba, a prominent figure in Sri Lankan history. Brahmi inscriptions found in the cave temple mention a dedication from the daughter of King Walagamba, signifying royal patronage and the temple's importance during his reign. King Walagamba, renowned for his efforts to revive Buddhism during periods of decline, played a significant role in elevating the temple's status as a key religious site.
Seethawaka Kingdom
During the Seethawaka Kingdom, Panduwawasnuwara Raja Maha Viharaya served as a strategic stronghold. Historical records and local legends indicate that the temple and its surrounding areas were used as a fortress by the Rajasinghes and King Mayadunne. This association with the Seethawaka Kingdom adds a layer of political and historical significance, highlighting the temple's multifaceted role in the region's past.
Cave Temple Structure
Panduwawasnuwara Raja Maha Viharaya is renowned for its unique cave temple, which seamlessly blends natural rock formations with human craftsmanship. The main chamber, carved into the mountainside, creates a serene and secluded space ideal for worship and meditation. The tranquil environment, coupled with the breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside, enhances the temple's spiritual ambiance.
Notable Inscriptions
One of the most remarkable features of Panduwawasnuwara Raja Maha Viharaya is its ancient inscriptions, considered the oldest and longest cave inscriptions in the Colombo District. Written in Brahmi script, these inscriptions offer invaluable insights into the temple's history and its patrons. They include dedications to the Maha Sangha by notable figures, such as the daughter of Mahachula Mahatissa and a provincial leader named Sumana, underscoring the temple's religious and social significance.
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