Flood Plains National Park
Description
In the heart of Sri Lanka, a unique marvel unfolds - Flood Plains National Park was declared a national park on the 7th of August 1984. This oasis of biodiversity is located 222 kilometres northeast of Colombo. As we delve into the intricacies of this natural wonder, we discover a tapestry woven with the Mahaweli River, diverse ecological zones, and a rich history that dates back centuries.
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Nestled strategically between Somawathiya and Wasgamuwa National Parks, Flood Plains National Park is a testament to the country's commitment to preserving its natural heritage. The Mahaweli River, a lifeline for Sri Lanka, flows majestically through the park, shaping its landscape. The flood plains alongside the river and the swampy water bodies, known as 'villus,' create a habitat like no other. These villus, adorned with diverse aquatic plants and water-tolerant grass, thrive in the saturated soil, contributing to the park's burst of life.
The park changes during the Northeast monsoon, which lasts from October to January and causes flooding, and then there is a dry season the rest of the year. This dynamic environment and seasonal solid winds result in diverse ecological zones - river channels, riverine marshes, villus, seasonally flooded grasslands, and swamp forests.
As we traverse through the park, the sheer abundance of life becomes evident. A staggering 231 plant species have been recorded, including iconic trees like kumbuk (Terminalia arjuna) and rattan cane (Calamus rotang). Yet, the true stars of the park are its wildlife residents.
Flood Plains National Park is not just a sanctuary; it's an elephant corridor, facilitating migration between Wasgamuwa and Somawathiya National Parks. The park's rich water and grasslands make it an ideal feeding ground for these majestic creatures. One particularly fascinating sub-species, the Vil Aliya or Marsh Elephant (Elephas Maximus Vil Aliya), has adapted uniquely to the marshy environment of the flood plains.
The list of residents continues. The Fishing Cat, Jungle Cat, Rusty-Spotted Cat, Jackal, Wild Boar, Indian Muntjac, Sambar, Spotted Deer, and Water Buffalo coexist harmoniously. European Otter, Sri Lankan Spotted Chevrotain, and the elusive Sri Lankan Leopard add to the park's mystique. Notably, Flood Plains National Park is one of the recorded habitats of the Grey Slender Loris, a testament to its unique biodiversity.
The park's skies are alive with the wings of migrant birds, enhancing its avian diversity. Approximately 75 species winter in the swamps, creating a mesmerizing spectacle. The park is a birdwatcher haven from the Marsh Sandpiper and Wood Sandpiper to the Asiatic Golden Plover, Garganey, Osprey, and Black-tailed Godwit. Familiar residents like the Eastern Large Egret, Cattle Egret, Painted Stork, Pond Heron, Eastern Grey Heron, Pheasant-tailed Jacana, Purple Coot, and Indian Darter further enrich the avifauna.
Beyond its ecological wonders, Flood Plains National Park holds historical treasures. Rock engravings dating from the 2nd to the 7th centuries offer a glimpse into ancient civilizations. The nearby Dimbulagala Rock, adorned with pre-historic caves, and the historic Vijithapura fortress to the west narrate tales of bygone eras.
Beyond passive observation, the park offers a range of recreational activities for visitors. From guided tours to eco-friendly adventures, Flood Plains National Park ensures an immersive experience while respecting the sanctity of its environment.
Flood Plains National Park is not merely a destination; it's a living testament to the beauty and resilience of nature. As we marvel at its ecological wonders, let us commit to preserving this sanctuary for future generations. Through responsible tourism and ongoing conservation efforts, we can ensure that Flood Plains National Park remains a beacon of biodiversity.
