Unduvap Full Moon Poya Day, observed on December 14th, 2024, is the last Full Moon Poya of the year and holds deep spiritual significance in Sri Lanka. This sacred day commemorates the arrival of Sangamitta Theri in Sri Lanka, who brought with her a Bo sapling from the sacred Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi in India. This event, which took place during the reign of King Devanampiyatissa, marks a pivotal moment in the spread of Buddhism on the island.
The Historical Significance of Unduvap Poya
Sangamitta Theri, the daughter of Emperor Asoka and sister of Arahant Mahinda—who had earlier brought Buddhism to Sri Lanka on Poson Poya Day—was accompanied by several members of the royal family who had entered the Buddhist monastic order, known as the Sasanaya. Their voyage culminated in landing at Dambakolapatuna port in Jaffna on an Unduvap Poya day. Upon arrival, Sangamitta Theri not only delivered the sacred Bo sapling but also played a crucial role in establishing the Bhikkhuni Sasana, the order of female Buddhist monastics in Sri Lanka.
The sacred Bo sapling, brought to Sri Lanka in a golden bowl, was ceremoniously planted in the Mahameuna Garden in Anuradhapura. This sapling, originating from the very tree under which the Buddha attained enlightenment, became a symbol of the spread of Buddhism across the island. Over time, saplings from this tree were taken to other parts of Sri Lanka, further embedding Buddhist philosophy and culture into the fabric of the nation.
Sangamitta Theri’s arrival brought more than just religious significance. The skilled individuals who accompanied her introduced various crafts and disciplines to Sri Lanka, including woodworking, agriculture, and indigenous medicine. These skills were shared with the local population and have been passed down through generations, contributing to the development of the country.
Pilgrimage and Devotion
In honor of Sangamitta Theri’s historic arrival, thousands of devotees flock to Anuradhapura on Unduvap Poya Day to pay homage to the sacred Bo tree. This day is marked by observing the five precepts, engaging in meditation, and reflecting on the Buddha’s teachings.
Additionally, Unduvap Poya is closely linked to the pilgrimage to Sri Pada (Adam’s Peak), where it is believed that the Buddha placed his footprint during one of his visits to Sri Lanka. This pilgrimage, which becomes particularly popular during this time, is considered an essential spiritual journey for Buddhists, meant to be undertaken at least once in a lifetime.
Observance in Sri Lanka
As with all Poya days, Unduvap Full Moon Poya Day 2024 is a time for spiritual reflection and religious observance in Sri Lanka. The sale of liquor and meat is prohibited, and most commercial establishments remain closed, allowing the nation to collectively engage in this sacred day. The observance of Unduvap Poya serves as a powerful reminder of the enduring legacy of the Buddha’s teachings and the profound spiritual journey that continues to inspire millions of Buddhists around the world.